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Prader-Willi综合征

Prader-Willi syndrome

定义 英文原文(暂无中文)

A rare genetic, neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction with severe hypotonia and feeding deficits during the neonatal period followed by an excessive weight gain period with hyperphagia with a risk of severe obesity during childhood and adulthood, learning difficulties, deficits of social skills and behavioral problems or severe psychiatric problems.

别名

Prader-Labhart-Willi综合征

基本事实

遗传方式
常染色体显性、不适用
发病年龄
产前、新生儿期
患病率
1-9 / 100 000

相关基因 1来自下位疾病

Orphanet 未在本条目上直接标注致病基因。下表由本组所属的下位疾病汇总而来,「来源条目」列给出基因实际标注在哪一个 ORPHA 条目上。

基因名称来源条目
MAGEL2MAGE family member L2ORPHA:398069

临床表型 90

极常见 99–80%10

  • 异常发脾气 HP:0025160
  • 焦虑 HP:0000739
  • 隐睾 HP:0000028
  • 吞咽困难 HP:0002015
  • 婴儿期喂养困难 HP:0008872
  • 生长延迟 HP:0001510
  • 肌张力减退 HP:0001252
  • 不孕症/不育症 HP:0000789
  • 运动发育迟缓 HP:0001270
  • 身材矮小 HP:0004322

常见 79–30%54

  • 腹型肥胖 HP:0012743
  • 面部形状异常 HP:0001999
  • 快速眼动期睡眠异常 HP:0002494
  • 牙列异常 HP:0000164
  • 骨骼成熟加速 HP:0005616
  • 注意力缺陷多动障碍 HP:0007018
  • 非典型行为 HP:0000708
  • 脑成像异常 HP:0410263
  • 中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停 HP:0010536
  • 阴蒂发育不良 HP:0000060
  • 循环系统促性腺激素浓度降低 HP:0030339
  • 胎动减少 HP:0001558
  • 生长激素刺激试验反应降低 HP:0000824
  • 睾丸体积过小 HP:0008734
  • 青春期发育延迟 HP:0000823
  • 语言发育迟缓 HP:0000750
  • 牙列拥挤 HP:0000678
  • 水肿 HP:0000969
  • 牙釉质发育不全 HP:0006297
  • 丹毒 HP:0001055
  • 外生殖器发育不良 HP:0003241
  • 发育迟滞 HP:0001508
  • 胃轻瘫 HP:0002578
  • 远视 HP:0000540
  • 性腺功能减退症 HP:0000135
  • 毛发色素减退 HP:0005599
  • 皮肤色素减退 HP:0001010
  • 大阴唇发育不良 HP:0000059
  • 小阴唇发育不良 HP:0000064
  • 腱反射减弱 HP:0001265
  • 温度觉障碍 HP:0010829
  • 骨折易感性增加 HP:0002659
  • 边缘状态智力障碍 HP:0006889
  • 轻度智力障碍 HP:0001256
  • 近视 HP:0000545
  • 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 HP:0002870
  • 骨质减少 HP:0000938
  • 骨质疏松 HP:0000939
  • 牙周炎 HP:0000704
  • 外侧裂周区多小脑回 HP:0012650
  • 多食 HP:0002591
  • 吸吮无力 HP:0002033
  • 原发性闭经 HP:0000786
  • 反复呼吸道感染 HP:0002205
  • 循环生长激素水平降低 HP:0034323
  • 脊柱侧弯 HP:0002650
  • 短足 HP:0001773
  • 小手 HP:0200055
  • 垂体缩小 HP:0012506
  • 小阴囊 HP:0000046
  • 特定的学习障碍 HP:0001328
  • 斜视 HP:0000486
  • 巨脑室 HP:0002119
  • 哭声微弱 HP:0001612

偶见 29–5%24

  • 脑白质形态异常 HP:0002500
  • 促肾上腺皮质激素不足 HP:0011748
  • 杏仁状睑裂 HP:0007874
  • 自闭症行为 HP:0000729
  • 中枢性甲状腺功能减退症 HP:0011787
  • 循环抑制素B水平降低 HP:0031100
  • 嘴角下弯 HP:0002714
  • 日间睡眠增多 HP:0001262
  • 胃食管反流 HP:0002020
  • 髋关节发育不良 HP:0001385
  • 高血压 HP:0000822
  • 中度智力障碍 HP:0002342
  • 鼻梁狭窄 HP:0000446
  • 婴儿期鼻胃管饲 HP:0011470
  • 垂体性甲状腺功能减退症 HP:0008245
  • 肾上腺功能早现 HP:0012412
  • 阴毛早现 HP:0012411
  • 精神病 HP:0000709
  • 癫痫发作 HP:0001250
  • 皮肤剔除 HP:0012166
  • 卒中 HP:0001297
  • 2型糖尿病 HP:0005978
  • 呕吐 HP:0002013
  • 口腔干燥 HP:0000217

罕见 <4–1%2

  • 中枢性肾上腺功能不全 HP:0011734
  • 性早熟 HP:0000826

近两年的全球研究 1,371L2

2024/08 起在 Europe PMC 检索所得,按发表时间倒序显示最近 20 篇。标题未译成中文——自动翻译需要接入 LLM 服务,尚未引入。

  • 2026-07
    Loss of Snord115 mitigates Snord116-driven sleep abnormalities in mouse models of Prader-Willi syndrome
    Neurobiology of disease · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    Skin Picking in Prader-Willi Syndrome: Independent of Sensory Processing, Maladaptive Behaviors, and Genetic Subtype
    American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetic · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07病例报告
    Challenges in managing endocrine and metabolic dysfunction in a child with Prader-Willi syndrome and medulloblastoma
    JCEM case reports · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    Carbetocin Nasal Spray for the Treatment of Hyperphagia in Prader-Willi Syndrome: Results From the Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Compass PWS Study
    Clinical therapeutics · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07病例报告
    Expanding the Phenotypic Spectrum of Trafficking Protein Particle Complex Subunit 9-Related Intellectual Developmental Disorder: Prader-Willi-like Presentation in a Tunisian Family
    Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    Placental defects revealed by modelling PWS in mice
    Disease models & mechanisms · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    Cognitive and behavioural correlates of psychosis in genetic subtypes of Prader-Willi syndrome
    Journal of psychiatric research · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07综述
    Central Sleep Apnea and Hypoventilation Disorders in Children
    Sleep medicine clinics · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    Correlations between endocrine-metabolic characteristics and body fat distribution, appetite, growth, and memory in children with Prader-Willi syndrome
    Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    Behavior Regulation Abilities in Children With Prader-Willi Syndrome and Their Impact on Daily Life: At the Crossroads of Cognitive and Emotional Development
    Journal of autism and developmental disorders · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07病例报告
    Integrated multi-platform genetic profiling reveals dual molecular pathology in 46, XY disorders of sex development through NR5A1 Haploinsufficiency and maternal chromosome 15 UPD
    Human molecular genetics · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    Correction to: "Diazoxide Choline Extended-Release (DCCR) Use in Prader-Willi Syndrome: Patient Selection, Dosing, and Management"
    Journal of the Endocrine Society · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    [Genetic medicine illustrated by three key syndromes]
    Revue medicale suisse · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07病例报告
    Incomplete trisomy 15 rescue associated with hypermethylation of the Prader-Willi critical region
    Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    PERSPECTIVE: Beyond the GH-IGF-1 axis: a network perspective integrating clinical observations and mechanistic insights
    Endocrine connections · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07开放获取
    Magel2 deficiency promotes cardiac remodeling and increases arrhythmogenic susceptibility in a mouse model relevant to Prader-Willi and Schaaf-Yang syndromes
    Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-07
    Circulating levels of ghrelin and hyperphagia in patients with rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorders
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-06病例报告
    Long-read sequencing enables trio-assisted phasing of &lt;i&gt;de novo&lt;/i&gt; variants in the imprinted gene &lt;i&gt;MAGEL2&lt;/i&gt;
    Journal of medical genetics · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-06综述
    Irisin in Pediatric Obesity: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence
    Cureus · DOI · Europe PMC
  • 2026-06
    Validation of the Q87.11 ICD Code for Prader-Willi Syndrome
    Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · DOI · Europe PMC

境外已获批用于本病的药物 3L2

欧盟 1 项、美国 2 项。同一药物在两地各批一次的,会分别列出。

「境外已获批」不等于「在中国能用」。中间隔着进口注册、临床急需境外新药通道、海南博鳌乐城国际医疗旅游先行区等几条路径,各有各的条件与费用。这一节能确定地告诉你的只有一件事:这个病在世界范围内已经有获得批准的药物,它叫什么名字。拿这个名字去问主治医生,是下一步最省力的做法。

药名一律保留英文原文,不作翻译——中国的药品通用名与英文名的音译经常不一致,译错会让人去找一个不存在的药。

已获孤儿药资格、尚未获批的在研药物(26 项)

孤儿药资格只是一种监管身份——它意味着监管机构认可这是罕见病用药并给予研发激励,不代表这个药已被证明有效,也不代表将来一定能上市。绝大多数最终不会成药。列在这里是为了看清有哪些方向正在被尝试。

  • carbetocin欧盟2012-03-21
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • Oxytocin欧盟2014-07-29
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • setmelanotide欧盟2016-06-27
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • Viokat欧盟2017-10-12
    diazoxide choline
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • synthetic cyclic 8 amino acid analogue of human unacylated ghrelin欧盟2017-10-16
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • (R)-3-(1-(2,3-dichloro-4-(pyrazin-2-yl)phenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1欧盟2020-12-09
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • 5-bromo-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pyrimidine-4,6-dia欧盟2023-11-08
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • cannabidiol acid methyl ester欧盟2024-07-25
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • Etiocholanedione美国1996-05-07
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome.
    官方记录
  • Betahistine dihydrochloride美国2007-11-08
    Treatment of obesity associated with Prader Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • diazoxide美国2012-12-03
    Treatment of Prader Willi Syndrome
    官方记录
  • carbetocin (nasal spray)美国2014-04-11
    Treatment of Prader Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • oxytocin美国2014-11-24
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • setmelanotide美国2015-09-21
    Treatment of Prader-Willi Syndrome.
    官方记录
  • D-tagatose美国2017-01-19
    Treatment of Prader-Willi Syndrome
    官方记录
  • Oleoylethanolamide美国2017-06-08
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • synthetic cyclic 8 amino acid analog of human unacylated ghrelin美国2017-10-12
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)
    官方记录
  • cannabidiol美国2020-08-21
    Treatment of hyperphagia behavior and weight loss in patients with Prader Willi Syndrome
    官方记录
  • Tesofensine plus metoprolol in a fixed-dose combination美国2021-03-02
    Treatment of Prader-Willi Syndrome
    官方记录
  • Synthetic analogue of cyclic Glycine-Proline美国2021-09-02
    Treatment of Prader-Willi Syndrome
    官方记录
  • Cannabidiol acid methyl ester (CBDA-ME)美国2023-01-03
    Treatment of Prader-Willi Syndrome
    官方记录
  • avasimibe美国2023-05-16
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • Denatonium acetate monohydrate美国2023-06-08
    Treatment of Prader Willi Syndrome
    官方记录
  • 5-BROMO-N-(PROP-2-YN-1-YL)-2-(1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-1-YL) PYRIMIDINE-4,6-DI美国2024-01-30
    treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录
  • pitolisant美国2024-02-12
    Treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)
    官方记录
  • celastrol美国2024-04-10
    treatment of Prader-Willi syndrome
    官方记录

数据来自欧洲药品管理局(EMA)的药品与孤儿药资格公开导出表,以及美国 FDA 孤儿药资格数据库。两边口径不同:欧盟一侧取的是当前状态仍为「已授权」的药品;美国一侧记录的是「曾获批准」这一事实,FDA 的公开表不追踪药物此后是否退市(例如 Relyvrio 于 2024 年撤市,表中仍记为已获批)。请以官方记录页为准。

在中国开展的临床试验 2L2

按病名在 ClinicalTrials.gov 检索、并校验研究中心含中国大陆而来。登记状态不等于现在真的能入组——务必按 NCT 号到原站核实,并与主治医生商量。

登记为可入组 1

  • 招募中NCT05791604
    The Intervention of Obesity in Children With Prader-Willi Syndrome Using Prebiotics and Probiotics
    不适用 · 干预性 · 2023/04/01Children's Hospital of Fudan University
    中国研究中心 1 个:Shanghai
其他状态的试验(1 项)
  • 状态未知NCT03554031
    A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Injection in Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome
    III 期 · 干预性 · 2018/04/14Changchun GeneScience Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
    中国研究中心 6 个:Beijing、Hangzhou、Shanghai、Wuhan

中国境外的在招试验 19L2

这些试验在中国没有研究中心,通常无法直接报名——入组一般要求在当地居住并接受随访。列在这里是因为它另有用处:看清楚全世界正在试哪些药、做到了哪一期、由谁在做。把药名和 NCT 编号记下来去问主治医生,或据此进一步查该药是否已在境外获批、是否有拓展性用药(expanded access)通道。

美国8法国6澳大利亚2比利时2荷兰2阿根廷1加拿大1丹麦1德国1意大利1波兰1罗马尼亚1西班牙1瑞典1另有 1 个国家/地区

CT.gov 报告命中 19 项,此处取回并展示最近的 15 项。

  • 招募中NCT07607730
    Regulating Together for Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Group Behavioral Therapy for Emotion Dysregulation
    不适用 · 干预性 · 2026/08Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City
    美国
  • 招募中NCT07348601
    A Study of CSTI-500 in Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome
    II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/05ConSynance Therapeutics
    美国
  • 尚未开始招募NCT07266324
    A 2-Part Study to Assess Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of BMB-101 for the Treatment of Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome.
    II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/01Bright Minds Biosciences Pty Ltd
    澳大利亚
  • 尚未开始招募NCT07006207
    Brain Olfactory Pathways in Prader-Willi Syndrome
    不适用 · 干预性 · 2025/06/23University Hospital, Toulouse
    法国
  • 招募中NCT06901245
    Tirzepatide in PWS, HO and GNSO
    IV 期 · 干预性 · 2025/05/01Grace Kim
    美国
  • 招募中NCT06877715
    Autistic Symptomatology and Sensory Profile in Children With Prader-Willi Syndrome
    观察性 · 2025/04/07University Hospital, Toulouse
    法国
  • 招募中NCT06740162
    Physical Activity and Community EmPOWERment Project
    不适用 · 干预性 · 2025/01/10University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
    美国
  • 招募中NCT06573723
    Institutional Registry of Rare Diseases
    观察性 · 2024/07/01Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
    阿根廷
  • 招募中NCT06366464
    A Study of Pitolisant in Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome
    III 期 · 干预性 · 2024/05/28Harmony Biosciences Management, Inc.
    澳大利亚、比利时、加拿大、丹麦、法国、德国、意大利、波兰 等 13 国
  • 招募中NCT07122505
    Oromyofunctional Therapy: a Rehabilitation Program for OSA in Children With Down Syndrome and Prader-Willi Syndrome
    不适用 · 干预性 · 2024/04/15University Ghent
    比利时
  • 招募中NCT06239116
    A Study of RM-718 in Healthy Subjects and Patients With MC4R Pathway Impairment
    I 期、II 期 · 干预性 · 2024/03/05Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
    美国
  • 招募中NCT06720571
    Effects of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Emotion Regulation and Executive Functioning in Prader-Willi Syndrome
    不适用 · 干预性 · 2023/11/22University of Bordeaux
    法国
  • 招募中NCT05939453
    Impact of Bright Light Therapy on Prader-Willi Syndrome
    不适用 · 干预性 · 2023/10/01Maimonides Medical Center
    美国
  • 招募中NCT05938543
    Cerebellar TMS and Satiety in Prader-Willi Syndrome
    不适用 · 干预性 · 2023/09/01Brigham and Women's Hospital
    美国
  • 尚未开始招募NCT04484051
    Growth Hormone Study in Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome
    观察性 · 2023/03/24Erasmus Medical Center
    荷兰

外部标识与链接

发现这一页有错误?告诉我 · 邮件主题会自动带上本页的 ORPHA 编号

本页数据来源

  • 疾病定义、同义词、基因、表型、流行病学:Orphanet(CC BY 4.0)
  • 中文病名:Orphanet 中文包,冻结于 2020-06-01
  • 表型中文标签:HPO 简体中文翻译(CHPO 上游成果)