皮肤神经内分泌癌

定义 英文原文（暂无中文）

A rare aggressive skin cancer characterized by a rapidly growing nodule with both epithelial and neuroendocrine features, driven in 80% of cases by the oncogenic Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV).

别名

Merkel细胞癌

基本事实

遗传方式

不适用

发病年龄

成年期、老年期

患病率

1-9 / 1 000 000

临床表型 17

近两年的全球研究 33L2

2024/10 起在 Europe PMC 检索所得，按发表时间倒序显示最近 20 篇。标题未译成中文——自动翻译需要接入 LLM 服务，尚未引入。

• 2026-08开放获取
  Anatomical lymphatic drainage basin and sentinel lymph node positivity in Merkel cell carcinoma: a 37-year single-center cohort study of 400 patients
  Frontiers in oncology · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-07综述开放获取
  The Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Macrophage Axis in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Evidence, Limitations, and Therapeutic Hypotheses
  International journal of molecular sciences · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-07
  Inhibition of the ATR-CHK1 signaling pathway sensitizes MCPyV-positive Merkel cell carcinoma to gemcitabine
  BMC cancer · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-07综述开放获取
  [Merkel cell carcinoma: current surgical approaches and multidisciplinary treatment]
  Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-07综述开放获取
  Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Reframe the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
  Cancers · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-05预印本
  A Case Report and Literature Review of Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Face
  · DOI
• 2026-05综述病例报告开放获取
  Merkel Cell Carcinoma With Divergent Differentiation-Or Something Else? A Triphasic Cutaneous Carcinoma With Lineage Plasticity
  Journal of cutaneous pathology · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-05病例报告开放获取
  Expanding the dermoscopic spectrum of Merkel cell carcinoma: A case report
  JAAD case reports · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-04预印本
  Merkel cell carcinoma in southern China: clinicopathologic and transcriptomic analysis with insights into an intraepidermal-predominant lesion
  · DOI
• 2026-04综述病例报告
  Two cases of sweat gland carcinoma with neurosecretory differentiation: A report
  Indian journal of pathology & microbiology · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-04综述病例报告开放获取
  Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Thigh Presenting as a Hemorrhagic Mass: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
  Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-03开放获取
  A novel patient-specific solution for Merkel cell carcinoma in high-dose-rate brachytherapy
  Journal of contemporary brachytherapy · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-02病例报告
  When Morphology Misleads: The Diagnostic Challenge of Large-Cell Variant Merkel Cell Carcinoma
  The American Journal of dermatopathology · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-01
  Giant Palmar Merkel Cell Carcinoma With Prolonged Stability and Abrupt Progression
  International journal of dermatology · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-01开放获取
  Merkel Cell Carcinoma Presenting as a Solitary Facial Nodule in a 59-Year-Old Woman
  The American Journal of dermatopathology · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2026-01综述开放获取
  Imaging features of lacrimal gland disease
  Frontiers in ophthalmology · 被引 1 · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2025-12开放获取
  Optimizing surgical margins in the treatment of eyelid Merkel cell carcinoma: a tertiary center experience and literature review
  Frontiers in ophthalmology · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2025-12综述开放获取
  RB1 inactivation in cutaneous carcinomas
  Histopathology · 被引 4 · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2025-12开放获取
  Diagnostic Utility and Clinicopathologic Associations of Histone H3 Lysine 27 Trimethylation (H3K27me3) Immunohistochemistry for Merkel Cell Carcinoma
  Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadi · 被引 1 · DOI · Europe PMC
• 2025-12开放获取
  Quantifying coding integrity and reliability of ICD-11 MMS for rare disease registration: a case study of the Chinese rare disease catalogue
  BMC medical informatics and decision making · DOI · Europe PMC

境外已获批用于本病的药物 5L2

欧盟 2 项、美国 3 项。同一药物在两地各批一次的，会分别列出。

• Bavencio欧盟2017-09-18
  avelumab
  官方记录
• Zynyz欧盟2024-04-19
  retifanlimab
  官方记录
• Bavencio美国2017-03-23
  avelumab (Recombinant human monoclonal IgG1 antibody against programmed death ligand-1)
  官方记录
• Keytruda美国2018-12-19
  pembrolizumab
  官方记录
• Zynyz美国2023-03-22
  retifanlimab-dlwr
  官方记录

数据来自欧洲药品管理局（EMA）的药品与罕见病用药资格公开导出表，以及美国 FDA 的罕见病用药资格数据库（Orphan Drug Product Designation Database）。两边口径不同：欧盟一侧取的是当前状态仍为「已授权」的药品；美国一侧记录的是「曾获批准」这一事实，FDA 的公开表不追踪药物此后是否退市（例如 Relyvrio 于 2024 年撤市，表中仍记为已获批）。请以官方记录页为准。

在中国开展的临床试验 3L2

按病名在 ClinicalTrials.gov 检索、并校验研究中心含中国大陆而来。登记状态不等于现在真的能入组——务必按 NCT 号到原站核实，并与主治医生商量。

登记为可入组 1

• 招募中NCT07070232
  A Clinical Study to Test if an Investigational Treatment Called BNT326 is Safe and Potentially Beneficial When Used Alone or in Combination With Other Investigational Treatments Such as BNT327, for People With Advanced Malignant Tumors
  I 期、II 期 · 干预性 · 2025/08/12BioNTech SE
  中国研究中心 4 个：Hangzhou、Tianjin、Wuhan

中国境外的在招试验 61L2

CT.gov 报告命中 61 项，此处取回并展示最近的 15 项。

• 尚未开始招募NCT07576725
  Low Dose, Reduced Frequency Nivolumab for the Treatment of Unresectable or Metastatic Cancer, AFFORD IO Trial
  II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/12/01Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center
  Uganda
• 尚未开始招募NCT07472322
  ASTX727 & Retifanlimab-dlwr for Advanced Merkel Cell After Progression on Anti-PD-(L)1
  I 期、II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/09University of Wisconsin, Madison
  美国
• 招募中NCT07749586
  A Study to Evaluate ARV-6723 Alone and With Pembrolizumab in Participants With Advanced Solid Tumors
  I 期、II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/07/29Arvinas Inc.
  美国
• 招募中NCT07600476
  A First-in-Human Study to Evaluate the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of KUP-101A in Patients With Selected Advanced Solid Tumors
  I 期 · 干预性 · 2026/07/03Kupando GmbH
  德国
• 招募中NCT07302347
  A Study of Pembrolizumab in Japanese Pediatric Participants With Solid Tumors or Lymphomas and Japanese Adult Participants With Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MK-3475-G21/KEYNOTE-G21)
  I 期、II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/06/23Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
  日本
• 招募中NCT07387198
  Neoadjuvant Merkel Cell Carcinoma Therapy (Tx) With the PD-1 Inhibitor Cemiplimab
  II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/05/29Institut für Klinische Krebsforschung IKF GmbH at Krankenhaus Nordwest
  德国
• 招募中NCT07339176
  Intratumoral N17350 in Advanced Solid Tumors
  I 期、II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/05/25Onchilles Pharma Inc
  澳大利亚、美国
• 招募中NCT07288073
  TIL Therapy in cSCC and MCC
  II 期 · 干预性 · 2026/02/10Karam Khaddour, MD, MS
  美国
• 招募中NCT07215988
  Studying Off Label Insurance Coverage for Patients With Cutaneous Cancers a "Filter" Observational Study
  观察性 · 2026/02/04Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
  美国
• 招募中NCT07285044
  The Cancer Connected Access and Remote Expertise Beyond Walls Program to Provide In-Home Cancer Treatment and Improve Treatment Satisfaction in Cancer Patients Living in the Florida Panhandle and Surrounding Areas
  II 期 · 干预性 · 2025/12/18Mayo Clinic
  美国
• 招募中NCT06887348
  A Study to Assess the Long-term Safety Outcomes in Patients Previously Treated With RP1, RP2, or RP3
  观察性 · 2025/12/12Replimune, Inc.
  澳大利亚、美国
• 招募中NCT06947928
  Placebo-Controlled Trial of IFx-Hu2.0 Followed By Pembrolizumab In Checkpoint Inhibitor Naïve Participants With Advanced Or Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma
  II 期、III 期 · 干预性 · 2025/12/11TuHURA Biosciences, Inc.
  美国
• 招募中NCT07006727
  Phase I Study of [225Ac]Ac-ETN029 in Patients With Advanced DLL3-expressing Solid Tumors
  I 期 · 干预性 · 2025/10/16Novartis Pharmaceuticals
  加拿大、韩国、美国
• 招募中NCT04119024
  Gene Modified Immune Cells After Conditioning Regimen for the Treatment of Stage IIIC or IV Melanoma or Metastatic Solid Tumors
  I 期 · 干预性 · 2025/10/07Anusha Kalbasi
  美国
• 招募中NCT06940440
  IFx-Hu2.0 As An Adjunctive Therapy To Pembrolizumab In Advanced Or Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC)
  I 期 · 干预性 · 2025/10TuHURA Biosciences, Inc.
  美国

外部标识与链接